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Biografia James Brown
James Brown
Modifica bioCronologia

James Brown vede la luce il 3 maggio 1933 ad Augusta, in Georgia (altre fonti indicano come luogo di nascita la South Carolina). Cresciuto in una famiglia assai povera, inizia presto a fare i conti con la legge e con il suo carattere turbolento: quando, a vent’anni, si unisce al quartetto vocale dei Gospel Starlighters ha appena scontato quattro anni di riformatorio per rapina. Nel gruppo fondato dal suo tutore Bobby Byrd, che intanto ha cambiato nome in Famous Flames, diventa subito l’attrazione principale e il responsabile di un graduale mutamento stilistico, dalla musica sacra al profano rhythm&blues. Viene notato da Ralph Bass dell’etichetta King che, battendo sul tempo la Chess Records, mette sotto contratto il gruppo spingendolo a reincidere nel suo studio di Cincinnati il singolo “Please, please, please”, un successo immediato che nel 1956 debutta al n.5 delle classifiche nazionali r&b. Per il primo numero uno, “Try me”, bisogna attendere tre anni, ma č soprattutto con le spettacolari, melodrammatiche esibizioni dal vivo che Brown e i Famous Flames costruiscono la loro leggenda. Una di queste, il 24 ottobre 1962 all’Apollo Theater di New York, diventa l’anno successivo uno dei dischi di maggior successo della carriera nonché una pietra miliare nella storia della musica soul. Con “Papa’s got a brand new bag” e “I got you (I feel good”), entrambe del 1965, Brown sfonda le barriere del mercato pop e segna la strada ad un nuovo genere musicale, il funk, basato sull’accentuazione ritmica dei moduli soul/r&b. Concerti e successi si susseguono a ripetizione fino alla fine del decennio, tra pezzi tiratissimi (“Cold sweat”), intense ballate soul (“It’s a man’s man’s man’s world”) e celebrazioni dell’orgoglio razziale afroamericano (“Say it loud - I’m black and I’m proud”): grande protagonista, assieme al leader, la band dei JBs, in cui militano musicisti di grande valore come il sassofonista Maceo Parker, il trombonista Fred Wesley e il chitarrista Jimmy Nolan. Dopo “Sex machine”, che nel 1970 diventa il suo brano simbolo, Brown, autonominatosi “padrino del soul”, firma un nuovo contratto con la Polydor: tra gli hit del nuovo decennio spiccano il singolo “Get on the good foot” (un milione di copie) e l’album “The payback”, l’unico in carriera a superare il mezzo milione di pezzi venduti aggiudicandosi un disco d’oro. Nel 1974 Mr. Dynamite (uno dei suoi altri, numerosi appellativi) si esibisce davanti a 120 mila persone a Kinshasa (Zaire) accanto a Etta James, B.B. King, Bill Withers e altri artisti ingaggiati per un megaconcerto organizzato a margine dello storico incontro di boxe tra Cassius Clay e George Foreman. L’esplosione della disco music spiazza lui come tanti altri pesi massimi del soul anni ’60: i primi tentativi di adeguarsi alle nuove sonoritŕ (“The original disco man”, per esempio) sono goffi, malriusciti e non vengono premiati dal mercato. L’inattesa occasione di riscatto arriva con la breve ma significativa apparizione nel film “Blues Brothers” a fianco di John Belushi e Dan Aykroyd, in cui Brown interpreta un ruolo di predicatore invasato rimasto nell’immaginario collettivo di una generazione. Comincia, inattesa, una stagione di nuovi successi: nel 1984 č il rapper Afrika Bambaataa a rinfrescarne l’immagine incidendo in coppia con lui il singolo “Unity”; due anni dopo “Living in America” (dalla colonna sonora di “Rocky IV”) raggiunge il numero 4 nella Hot 100 di Billboard, diventando il suo maggiore successo dai tempi di “I got you (I feel good)” (1965). La carriera e la vita personale di Brown procedono da quel momento a strappi, tra alti e bassi, vertigini e abissi: sempre nell’86 arriva l’inclusione nella Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, ma la soddisfazione professionale č offuscata poco tempo dopo da una condanna a sei anni di reclusione per una somma di reati che includono violenze personali, possesso di droga e infrazioni automobilistiche. Ottenuto uno sconto di pena, Brown lascia il carcere nel febbraio del 1991; esattamente un anno dopo ai Grammy Awards gli viene consegnato un premio alla carriera. I concerti, anche in Italia (si segnalano sue partecipazioni al “Pavarotti and friends” 2002 e ad Umbria Jazz 2004) lo tengono a galla: ma gli anni ’90 lo vedono ancora una volta protagonista soprattutto della cronaca giudiziaria, con un’altra impressionante sequenza di denunce per stupro, aggressioni a mano armata, detenzione di sostanze stupefacenti, percosse (anche alla terza moglie, la giovane Tomi Rae). A fine 2004 Brown annuncia la prossima inclusione di una nuova canzone sulla colonna sonora di “Rocky VI” e una collaborazione con i Black Eyed Peas. Pochi giorni dopo giunge notizia che al musicista č stato diagnosticato un tumore alla prostata: si rende necessario un intervento chirurgico, portato a termine con successo. I problemi di salute del padrino del soul non sono affatto scomparsi, perň: il 25 dicembre 2006, James Brown scompare all’etŕ di 73 anni per una polmonite.

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